简介
Wisdom was highly prized across the ancient world and throughout ancient history. To the extent to which there was a shared ancient culture, wisdom lay at the heart of it. However, the modern study of wisdom in the ancient world has been very fragmented. Old Testament scholars, theologians, historians of philosophy, Egyptologists, Assyriologists, classicists and historians of ideas have all taken an interest, but there has been limited communication and co-operation between the disciplines. This is the first book to bring the different aspects of the study of ancient wisdom together and present it as a subject in its own right, looking at wise deities, wise figures from myth and legend, wise characters from ancient history, practices associated with wisdom (including divination and healing), and wisdom as it appears in ancient literature. Familiar figures such as Solomon and Socrates rub shoulders here with less well-known ones such as Shulgi and Stilbides. Specially drawn maps accompany the text to provide a geographical context while a timeline provides a chronological one.
目录
Table Of Contents:
Preface vii
Maps xii
Timeline xviii
1 The Nature of Wisdom 1(11)
1 Introduction 1(2)
2 Four Hypotheses 3(3)
3 The Seven Sages 6(6)
2 Wisdom in Religion 12(27)
1 Introduction 12(2)
2 Wise Gods and Goddesses 14(17)
a Mesopotamia 14(3)
b Egypt 17(8)
c Mystery Cults 25(2)
d Greece and Rome 27(3)
e Zoroastrianism 30(1)
3 Wisdom and Monotheism 31(6)
4 Conclusion 37(2)
3 Wisdom in Myth and Legend 39(13)
1 Introduction 39(1)
2 Mesopotamia 39(3)
3 Israel 42(3)
4 Egypt 45(1)
5 Greece and Rome 46(4)
6 Conclusion 50(2)
4 Wisdom in History 52(56)
1 Introduction 52(1)
2 Egypt 52(3)
3 Ugarit and Ebla 55(1)
4 Mesopotamia 56(4)
5 Israel and Judaism 60(6)
6 The Teacher of Righteousness 66(1)
7 Jesus of Nazareth 67(2)
8 Solon and the Lawgivers 69(4)
9 Seers, Shamans and Saints 73(7)
10 The Early Philosophers 80(2)
11 Pythagoras and Pythagoreanism 82(3)
12 Heraclitus and Parmenides 85(1)
13 Democritus and Anaxagoras 86(1)
14 Socrates and the Sophists 87(4)
15 Plato, Aristotle and the Schools 91(5)
16 Zeno and Epicurus 96(5)
17 Diogenes and Pyrrho 101(3)
18 Plotinus and Iamblichus 104(2)
19 Some Wise Men of Rome 106(1)
20 Conclusion 107(1)
5 Wisdom in Practice 108(37)
1 Introduction 108(1)
2 Ruling, Judging and Lawgiving 108(5)
3 The Scribe 113(5)
4 Diviners and Divination 118(12)
5 Counsellors and Advisors 130(2)
6 Architects and Planners 132(5)
7 Scientists and Science 137(1)
8 Healers and Healing 138(3)
9 Magic and Magicians 141(2)
10 Conclusion 143(2)
6 Wisdom Literature 145(32)
1 Introduction 145(1)
2 Mesopotamia 146(3)
3 Egypt 149(7)
4 Israel 156(6)
5 Apocalyptic 162(4)
6 A Sapiential Selection 166(3)
7 Hermetica 169(4)
8 The Chaldaean Oracles 173(2)
9 Conclusion 175(2)
7 Conclusion 177(6)
Bibliography 183(10)
Index of Places 193(2)
Index of Personal Names 195(6)
Index of Modern Authors 201
Preface vii
Maps xii
Timeline xviii
1 The Nature of Wisdom 1(11)
1 Introduction 1(2)
2 Four Hypotheses 3(3)
3 The Seven Sages 6(6)
2 Wisdom in Religion 12(27)
1 Introduction 12(2)
2 Wise Gods and Goddesses 14(17)
a Mesopotamia 14(3)
b Egypt 17(8)
c Mystery Cults 25(2)
d Greece and Rome 27(3)
e Zoroastrianism 30(1)
3 Wisdom and Monotheism 31(6)
4 Conclusion 37(2)
3 Wisdom in Myth and Legend 39(13)
1 Introduction 39(1)
2 Mesopotamia 39(3)
3 Israel 42(3)
4 Egypt 45(1)
5 Greece and Rome 46(4)
6 Conclusion 50(2)
4 Wisdom in History 52(56)
1 Introduction 52(1)
2 Egypt 52(3)
3 Ugarit and Ebla 55(1)
4 Mesopotamia 56(4)
5 Israel and Judaism 60(6)
6 The Teacher of Righteousness 66(1)
7 Jesus of Nazareth 67(2)
8 Solon and the Lawgivers 69(4)
9 Seers, Shamans and Saints 73(7)
10 The Early Philosophers 80(2)
11 Pythagoras and Pythagoreanism 82(3)
12 Heraclitus and Parmenides 85(1)
13 Democritus and Anaxagoras 86(1)
14 Socrates and the Sophists 87(4)
15 Plato, Aristotle and the Schools 91(5)
16 Zeno and Epicurus 96(5)
17 Diogenes and Pyrrho 101(3)
18 Plotinus and Iamblichus 104(2)
19 Some Wise Men of Rome 106(1)
20 Conclusion 107(1)
5 Wisdom in Practice 108(37)
1 Introduction 108(1)
2 Ruling, Judging and Lawgiving 108(5)
3 The Scribe 113(5)
4 Diviners and Divination 118(12)
5 Counsellors and Advisors 130(2)
6 Architects and Planners 132(5)
7 Scientists and Science 137(1)
8 Healers and Healing 138(3)
9 Magic and Magicians 141(2)
10 Conclusion 143(2)
6 Wisdom Literature 145(32)
1 Introduction 145(1)
2 Mesopotamia 146(3)
3 Egypt 149(7)
4 Israel 156(6)
5 Apocalyptic 162(4)
6 A Sapiential Selection 166(3)
7 Hermetica 169(4)
8 The Chaldaean Oracles 173(2)
9 Conclusion 175(2)
7 Conclusion 177(6)
Bibliography 183(10)
Index of Places 193(2)
Index of Personal Names 195(6)
Index of Modern Authors 201
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